Use Behavioral Change Program to Decrease Hyperlipidemia and Hypertension in Primary Health Setting

Abstract

This randomized controlled trial study aimed to determine the effectiveness of a behavioral change program for Thais with hyperlipidemia and hypertension. The program was based on self-care knowledge, self-care ability, blood lipid and blood pressure control. The study involved 98 purposively selected, patients with hyperlipidemia and hypertension receiving care at a hospital. Subjects were randomly assigned to either the experimental (n = 50) or control group (n = 48). Those in the experimental group received a 24-week behavioral change program and routine care, while those in the control group received only routine care. The behavioral change program consisted of group education sessions, wherein cognitive restructuring was used to increase the subjects’ knowledge about, and ability to carry out self-care for hyperlipidemia and hypertension. Data were collected via interview-administered questionnaires, blood lipid and blood pressure measurements, before and after participation in the program. Data were analyzed utilizing descriptive statistics; Chi-square; Mann- Whitney U test; and, independent t-test. Results indicated the experimental group, 24 weeks after completion of the program, had a significantly higher mean rank of self-care knowledge and self-care ability regarding medication-taking, dietary control, exercise, risk behavioral avoidance, as well as significantly lower mean blood lipid and blood pressure levels, than the control group. Findings suggest the program was effective in enhancing subjects’ knowledge regarding hyperlipidemia and hypertension, as well as control of their blood lipid and blood pressure.