Ethnopsychological peculiarities of the structure of value scope of titular ethnicity of Kazakhstan

Abstract

Fundamental change of the public system and other changes over the past decade in the Republic of Kazakhstan after receiving State independence, demanded reassessment of values, including character  and features of value orientations of the Kazakh people. 

Interest in the value orientations of the individual and society is increasing in crisis, critical stages of historical development, which raises the need for their full understanding. Studying value orientations of ethnology is one of the most actual problems of modern psychological theory and practice. 

Undoubtedly, the new values of modern civilization affect the ethnic consciousness-oriented people who value traditional culture. This influence affects the system of values of the individual and, in particular, on a system of ethical values of ethnology.

The purpose of the research: Explore the structure of value scope of titular nation of Kazakhstan at the modern stage. 

The main hypothesis of the study: the value orientations of the Kazakh people in the system of cultural relations and relationships are based on a system-forming ethno-value component, which determines the conditions for their development, direction, character of activity of personality and provides the integrity and unity of the Kazakh ethnos. 

Research hypothesis: There are similarities and differences in the structure of value orientations among representatives of the Kazakh ethnos, depending on characteristics of respondents (on the example of the titular ethnic group of Kazakhstan, youth and adulthood).

In the structure of the value sphere of the titular ethnos of Kazakhstan, value orientations related to adherence to the principles of conformity to nature and traditionality, equality and freedom of love are also significant. These value orientations
reveal themselves also in the ability to be persistent with a simultaneous focus on the desire to be useful to others, to act for others. The value orientations of activity, initiative and employment, self-realization in interrelation with a sense of community and well-being, a happy family life and a financially secure life also occupy a large place in the structure of the value sphere of the titular ethnos of Kazakhstan.

To examine the value orientations of the Kazakhs, we have developed a comprehensive package of psychological techniques, which allows to consider the structure of value scope of titular nation (method of Sh. Schwartz (value questionnaire Schwartz), methodology of studying value orientations of Milton Rokeach, system diagnostic methodology of value orientations by E.B. Fantalova, L. S. Kolmogorova, D. V. Kashyrsky, modification of method of Kun "Who am I?". 

According to the results of our research, value orientation activity, initiative, employment generally takes an important place in the structure of value scope of titular nation of Kazakhstan Along with this, informative factor as the national value belonging to the title ethnicity of Kazakhstan during factor analysis is equal to 1.8%, which corresponds to only 19 factors in the structure of value scope of sampling study. 

The results of factor analysis allow us to conclude that the structure of value scope of titular nation of Kazakhstan is multifaceted and includes both individual and group, social values.  

Valuable orientation of Kazakh people in the system of cultural ties and relationships are based on valuable backbone component, which determines the conditions for their development, orientation, the nature of the activity of the individual and to ensure the integrity and the unity of ethnic group: the most important characteristics of the structure of value scope of titular nation of Kazakhstan are: competence, commitment, self-discipline, which testifies to the importance of achieving social success, success in work for the Kazakh ethnic group. 

In summary, we would like to point out that the formation of a national identity based on values is a long process, which, of course, for the period of the beginning of the modern history of Kazakhstan is not completed yet. 

The results of this research can be used for implementing national policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan and works towards the preservation of cultural traditions of Kazakh people. 

The theoretical and practical analysis carried out in the research suggests that the problem of preserving and enriching the ethnic values of the titular nation Kazakhstan, is now extremely urgent, but it is not enough elaborated now.